Sun, Mar 13, 2016
Genus of the Tagetes of the Asteraceae family (Asteraceae)
represented by more than 30 species of annual and perennial herbaceous
plants. It comes from South America, where in large quantities
grows in natural conditions.
Бархатцы имеют прямостоячие прочные стебли,
which form compact or spreading bushes reaching in
height 20-20 cm, pinnately dissected or pinnately-separated leaves
and inflorescences-baskets with very bright, yellow, orange,
reddish brown, brown or variegated flowers. For these
plants have a sharp, distinctive aroma, and their leaves
smell stronger than flowers.
Marigolds are attractive for amateur flower growers above all
its abundant flowering that begins in june and continues
before frost.
There are 3 main types of marigolds:
– upright (Tagetes erecta) – reach a height of 40-100 cm and
have terry inflorescences with a diameter of from 7 to 15 cm; – rejected
(Tagetes patula) – reach a height of 20-40 cm, inflorescences – terry
and non-double, with a diameter of 4 to 7 cm; – fine-leaved (Tagetes
tenuifolia) – reach a height of 20-30 cm, inflorescences – non-double, with
diameter up to 2 cm
All of the above types are different warm and light-loving and
high drought tolerance. In floriculture
As a rule, numerous hybrid varieties of these are used.
species.
The application of these colors is very extensive. Marigolds upright
often grown cut as they are able to maintain their
decorative properties in a vase up to three weeks. Also all kinds
marigolds used in flower beds. Perhaps they can not be used
only in water and in shady places of the garden. These plants are capable
develop well even with a small amount of soil, so their
used in the design of interiors as pottery
colors.
Contents
Marigolds – growing and care
Marigolds rightfully have the glory of quite unpretentious and not
требовательных к условиям выращивания plants. Especially this
for marigolds rejected, well growing even along
busy highways, on bad soils and under constant
exposure to exhaust gases.
Nevertheless, the marigolds are not indifferent to the caring attitude and
care, in gratitude for which they endow their masters
intensive growth and lush long bloom. All kinds
marigolds grow best in open areas, albeit on
the shaded part of the garden, they will still bloom (this is not
refers to the marigolds upright, for whom the main condition
Abundant flowering is a large amount of solar
Sveta).
Soils on the place where you plan to place these plants,
should be fertile, neutral, loamy. If marigolds
grown on poor soils, regular feeding is necessary,
which should be carried out during the growing season (2-3 times).
Despite the fact that the marigolds are considered drought-resistant
plants, in the period of the beginning of growth, they need abundant watering,
otherwise, they themselves will be weak, and their inflorescences
crushed. However, excess moisture is also harmful for them, especially for
upright marigolds, the inflorescences of which in this case begin
rot.
Бархатцы – пересадка и breeding
The marigolds are propagated by sowing seeds into the soil or seedlings, which
grown in greenhouses under plastic wrap. Plant out
plants need to areas where they also grew marigolds, in
soils richly fertilized with manure. During the plowing
In this area, superphosphate should be applied to the soil, and before sowing
– fertilize the ground with ammonium nitrate.
In the open ground, marigold seeds can be sown only after
how to avoid the danger of frost, and the temperature of the upper layer
soil (about 5 cm) will reach 15-20 ° C. Seeding Depth at
planting ranges from 1.5 cm to 3 cm. If the sowing is late and
produced in moisture-saturated soil, then it should be
increased to 7 cm
When marigolds breed, its seedlings, sometimes already blooming,
planted in a flower garden after the threat of frost has passed,
which they are very afraid. As a rule, plants take root easily and
bloom until the first serious cold. When the air temperature
drops below 10 ° C, plant growth stops, and their
leaves lose their decorative appearance; at temperatures below -1 ° C plants
perish.
Marigolds – Diseases and Pests
In addition to all the advantages listed above, marigolds are valued.
flower growers for their ability to withstand numerous
pests and diseases due to phytoncides contained in
their leaves and are an excellent deterrent
harmful insects. Substances in roots
marigolds, prevent the defeat of neighboring plants
fungal diseases such as fusarium, as well as
protect them from some species of nematodes.
And yet, sometimes the plant can be affected by black legs, gray
rot, root rot, other bacterial and fungal
diseases. This usually happens during time long
rains. In this case it is necessary to spray marigolds.
fungicides.
They may also be affected by various pests. So, in a drought
they can live spider mite. In order from him
to get rid of, it is necessary to take measures to increase the humidity of the air,
for example, spray the seedlings several times a day with water. To
completely defeat these pests, you need to spray 2-3 times
plants infusion of onion, hot red pepper, yarrow.
