Fri, 04 Mar 2016
Род Ирис (Iris) из семейства Ирисовых
(Iridaceae) is very diverse and consists of about 800 species.
beautiful plants. His very name suggests a similarity with
rainbow (this is how it is translated from Greek). In Russia
Iris flower is often called iris. He is
perennial wintering plant with creeping thick branching
rhizomes or bulbous roots. He has a dense, erect
leaves and large flowers that attract your attention
fancy shape and bright color.
Today, the iris is distributed throughout the world, but the greatest
the number of its species will grow in the Mediterranean countries,
Southwest and Central Asia. The name of this flower is even assigned to one
from the nebulae in the constellation Cepheus, which its appearance
reminds an iris. Without these plants today it is impossible to imagine
no garden, their luxurious flowering affects a variety of colors and
pleases with its subtle and exquisite beauty.
Contents
Irises – growing and care
Caring for irises is not complicated at all and consists of habitual for
each gardener weeding, loosening, removing
weeds, top dressing and watering.
Irises are winter-hardy, so they winter in the open
ground. Also these flowers are unpretentious to the soil, but best of all they are
grow on loamy soils with a neutral reaction. At one place
they can be grown for about 7 years.
For irises, good lighting is very important. If their
plant in the shade, they will bloom very poorly and lose all
its beauty. Therefore, when choosing a place to land you should not forget
about the light-loving nature of these plants. Very well, if this is the place,
protected from strong winds, with soil that will not be overly
wetted by groundwater close to the surface,
so that the rhizomes do not start to rot and not die. Waterlogging
soil may also cause irises on leaves
brown spots and their decay. Therefore, starting from the second half
summer, watering flowers should be cut.
Very gratefully, they respond to fertilization. Time
first feeding – early spring. The soil in which the irises are planted
Sprinkle easily soluble full mineral fertilizer. Dry
fertilizer is taken at the rate of about 10 grams per 1 flower. The second
top dressing in time coincides with the period of budding – the beginning
iris bloom. It is produced by the same fertilizer, taken in such
the same amount as with the first feeding. Third time irises
fed in August when the second phase of flowers begins
vegetation. This fertilizer is necessary to improve immunity.
plants and its resistance to winter cold. In this case it is necessary
do not use nitrogen, but phosphate or potash fertilizer.
Ирисы – пересадка и breeding
To prevent crowding the rhizomes to the surface of the soil,
which will reduce the frequency of iris bloom,
it is recommended to divide and transplant them every 3–5 years.
It is best to transplant irises immediately after the end of their flowering
vegetation period for the plant to take root,
Otherwise, with a later transplant, it may
perish.
If the irises are transplanted at the end of summer, then by next spring some
of them will already bloom. The most intense bloom is observed
2-3 years after landing. Before planting irises, the soil should
to be well dug up and dug, it also needs to be fed
mineral fertilizer. Introduce experienced manure into the soil for irises
gardeners do not recommend.
They are propagated by seed and vegetative means. Seed method
As a rule, used for hybridization, in this case, flowering
comes only after 2-3 years. Therefore, gardeners – amateurs
apply a simpler method of breeding plants –
vegetative. Planting irises vegetative way, you can already
the next year after planting admire the gorgeous blooming
specimens. It is possible to propagate in this way both varietal and
wild irises.
To divide the plant, you need to choose a well-developed bush and
shaking it off the ground, break its rhizome so that
each part had a leaf bundle and a piece of rhizome. Then
should be pruned leaves (about half) and roots
(one third), remove dry and diseased leaves. Should also be cleaned
rhizome from rotten parts. Preparing thus landing
material, it should be disinfected, dropping 15-20 minutes per
a weak solution of manganese, and then dried in the sun. Sliced experienced
Gardeners recommend sprinkling with a mixture prepared from
equal parts of sulfur with crushed coal. Before landing in the ground
tear out the hole, while in its center should remain small
mound on which to put the rhizome and gently straighten
roots on the sides. Each plant must be separated from the other.
about half a meter.
Irises – diseases and pests
Irises are resistant to disease and exposure.
pests, however, like other plants, they can affect
various diseases. The most dangerous of them – rot rhizomes and
the base of the leaves. As a rule, it occurs due to waterlogging
soil in the place of growth of irises. In this case, you should dig
plant and, cutting out all the affected rhizomes, put a healthy
root for about half an hour in a solution prepared from the drug
�”Hom”, in the concentration specified in the instructions. If the weather
sun, then after processing the rhizomes should be held on
around 12 hours from time to time
turning over.
Irises can also be affected by heterosporosis. Usually this
occurs in the second half of summer. The disease can be recognized by small
brown spots on the leaves of the plant. To save the iris
in this case, you need to cut all the affected leaves and burn them, and
then treat the plant with copper sulfate (5 liters
water is taken 50 grams of the drug).
To ensure the health and abundant bloom of irises, should
also in time to deal with their pests. Most dangerous of them
is gladiolus thrips. You can recognize his presence by
leaves of plants that look depressed lose their
wax coating To get rid of this pest, you need
process iris drug “Confidor”. The solution is prepared from 10 liters.
water and 1 ml of the drug; on 10 square meters. m. planting irises consumption solution
should be about 1 l.
Comments
Anastasia 01/19/2016 And tell me, what kind of iris is better to buy?
Here I pick up http://greensad.com.ua/ua/category/irisy/ What
say about “Hustle”?
