ATт, 12 апр 2016 Автор: ATиталий Шеломидо
In order for the tree to grow strong and well fruited, its
need time and properly cut.
Circumcision of apple trees should be done in spring, when the tree is not yet beginning.
release buds after the winter cold.
Every experienced gardener knows how to do it right.
To make the tree grow healthy and give juicy fruits, its
need to trim.
Contents
What is pruning needed for?
The totality of all the branches of the apple tree form a crown. If not
apple trees are pruned in spring, then the crown is growing much
faster compared to apple trees, which are kept constant
care.
The main function of cutting the apple, like other fruit
trees, is the formation of the desired shape of the crown. Pruning need
produce so that the long branches are located below, and more
short – higher. That is, the higher the branch is located, the shorter its
need to trim.
The correct form of the crown will make the apple tree not only more
attractive in appearance, but also makes its trunk more resilient.
If not делать своевременную обрезку дерева, перегруженные плодами
branches, or even the trunk itself will begin to bend strongly and break.
The correct form of the crown is the key to maximum comfort for
tree and harvest for gardeners.
Thus, you need to cut the apple tree in order
to:
-
rejuvenate a tree;
-
give the crown the desired and comfortable shape at harvest;
-
rid of insects that harm the tree;
-
remove weak and dead branches;
-
open the best access to the tree to sunlight;
-
reduce the crown.
Seedling cutting process
Often for the garden are purchased two-year-old apple seedlings,
which you need to trim the first time after landing. Unfortunately like
No matter how carefully a seedling is dug, its root system is still
will be broken. The trimming process will help the tree evenly
distribute the exchange of nutrients and moisture between the root
system and part located above the ground. Do not forget that
pruning is key to determining future formation
crowns.
Subsequent pruning will need to be carried out exactly one year later.
in the spring. It will be necessary to leave 4-5 of the strongest branches, departing from
trunk at a wide angle. In a few years, these branches will be
fundamental elements in the structure of the apple tree. Data shoots
need to be trimmed to form their placement in the form
tiers: wide should remain below, shorter – above.
The main trunk should be cut so that it is located above
other branches 25 cm. If the trunk is bifurcated, one of the parts must
completely trim or run horizontally.
Shoots growing at an acute angle from the trunk need to be cut for
further that they would not break off under the load of fruits and not
hurt the tree.
How to prune an apple tree in spring: the best time
Pruning need начинать ранней весной первого после посадки года
no matter what time of year the apple tree was planted –
spring or autumn. This spring pruning will help balance
the tree between the aboveground part that has grown and the weakened
after root transplant.
If this pruning is not carried out correctly, the root
the system will not be able to fully provide the aboveground part
nutrients and moisture. Pruning apple tree contributes
the formation of the skeleton of the crown, as well as prevent the development of defects in
tree structure. Pruning trees is done like this:
Annuals
Annuals саженцы, как правило, не успевают разветвляться. Their
need to cut at the level of 80-100 cm above the surface. Such an approach
allow the apple tree to start preparing the side for a year
shoots that will form the crown. Sometimes it happens that they
also give branches. In this case, you need to eliminate all
shoots at a level of 50-75 cm from the surface of the earth.
You should also cut higher growing shoots that grow under the sharp
angle from the trunk. Shoots growing at a wide angle, you need
shorten таким образом, чтобы они шли в сторону от ствола. Upper
the trunk should also be shortened so that it is raised
over other shoots of 20-25 cm
Biennial
As for the two-year saplings, they are pruned almost
as well as annuals. Two year old seedlings need to be left until
five strongest escape with a wide angle in the future they will be able
become the basis of the formation of apple. All other shoots should be
removed. Оставшиеся 4—5 самых крепких побега нужно shorten путем
ladders: leave 30-35 cm lower, and as you increase a little bit
shorten the length. This variant of the crown is the most popular
because it is the most effective.
How to prune an apple tree in spring: thinning
Any process of pruning trees begins with thinning.
First you need to open the center correctly. To do this, you need
cut on the branch the upper part, on which the various
branching. This will reduce the height of the apple and open access
для солнечного света внутрь crowns.
Then need thin out the most branchy areas on the tree. Important
moment: start the thinning process with the largest branches. it
facilitate your work and show you where to go further so that
you can better open the access of sunlight to the crown. Besides
a tree will be much easier to move a couple of major cuts than a lot
small wounds.
During operation, try to trim to the very trunk, not
leaving stumps as they will start after a while
zagyvaivatsya and eventually there will be a hollow. Cut branches too close
to the trunk is also not recommended, since such an injury will be very
long drag on The best solution will be to cut to
a ring, that is, so that its line runs along the ring of the influx. Most
it is better to cut thick branches of a tree a little further, after which
eliminate the stump itself: it will do without breakdowns and
tears. To cut such branches, you can use narrow
with a hacksaw with small teeth, it is better to impose it on the bottom.
Wounds on an apple tree after cuts will need to be painted over or painted.
to prevent moisture and harmful insects from entering them
will allow the tree to recover faster.
How to prune an apple tree in spring: shortening
The process of shortening in the spring season allows to improve
the intake of moisture and nutrition to the kidneys, which eventually will give rise
many new shoots. Shortening the branches of the tree makes it possible to do
the crown is as compact as possible and improve the inward flow
sunshine. The upper branches need to be cut above the side.
branches directed from the crown to the outside. To concern the lower
branches, they need to be cut under the upward
branches.
If the crown of the tree is heavily thickened, pruning should be done.
not for 1 year, but to break the workflow into several years, so apple
It will be easier to recover from multiple wounds. Pruning apple should
held annually, and the best time for this is spring.
How pruning is done in the third to fifth year after planting
After the first two years after planting, the tree begins
crown is formed, therefore every spring pruning should
carry out properly and in a timely manner.
You also need to know that in a given period of time pruned apple
worth point, that is minimal, so as not to harm
fruitfulness of an apple tree.
Do not forget to watch the growth of the conductor every spring and not
give it a split.
In the third year of the conductor must be cut at the level of the second tier
branches. The increments of the largest branches should be cut so that
formed a system of tiers. To prune trees in different years
need as shown below:
On a young tree is not recommended
circumcision:
-
fruit twigs;
-
collars;
-
rings;
-
bouquet or mixed twigs;
-
spur
In the fifth year after disembarkation, the formation of the crown is completed.
Do not forget that рабочие инструменты для обрезания яблони
should be well sharpened, otherwise the bark of the tree can
hurt a lot. For work it is best to use sharpened
garden shears (for thin twigs) or a hacksaw (for more
thick branches).
How to prune an apple tree in spring: processing
So that the apple tree spends a minimum of effort to heal the slice and not
disturbed insects, you need to properly treat it, as
shown in this image:
To do this, use oil paint on linseed oil or any
another for burning bark. As an option, you can use
a solution of lime and copper sulfate, spreading it in a ratio of 10
to 1, this will allow disinfection of wounds.
Treatment of old apple trees with paint or var need to be done immediately
after cutting. As for the young trees, after the saw cut
they should be processed no earlier than after one or two
days
How to prune an apple tree in spring
fruiting?
We should also talk about the process of cutting trees, which
already started to bear fruit. This process is needed primarily for
to support and rejuvenate the apple tree.
1. When the tree began to bear fruit, annual increments are strong
weaken and begin to interfere with the apple tree. They can thicken the crown
so much so that inside it almost will not get sunny
light, and this is fraught with a slowdown of the metabolic processes, that is, the fruits
they start to sing for a long time or they will start to deteriorate at all.
2. Cutting thickening branches going inside the crown or
intersecting with fruiting branches is necessary in the mandatory
okay, it will make the apple tree feel better and give
maximum number of fruits.
3. Removal of the largest thickening branches is much more efficient,
rather than cutting off a few small ones.
Cutting the apple tree in the spring is a very important moment in the question.
ensuring its proper growth and development. Novice gardeners
it may seem that you can do without pruning, but in this
In case of apple crown, it will develop incorrectly, and the branches will begin
break. Uncut tree is unable to give every year
consistently high yield, in practice it often happens this way: in
one year grows a huge number of small fruits, on the other
– fruits are absent altogether.
AT At the end, I would like to note that cutting the apple tree in the spring
not only necessary for crown formation, but also to ensure
proper metabolism of nutrients that will allow the tree
bear fruit every year.
Take care of the trees in your backyard and not
forget to trim in time. For this apple will be annually
make you happy with large and ripe fruits.
