Пн, 04 июл 2016 Автор: Оксана Кашеварова
Strawberries are grown in different climatic zones.
In temperate climates, strawberries grow in the open field,
and in cold areas, berries are grown in greenhouses.
Contents
How to fertilize strawberries. Fertilizer types
Growing strawberries require the fulfillment of certain
conditions
У многих садоводов первый the harvest клубники вызывает
disappointment: the berries are small and watery.
For a good harvest, it is important to use suitable
fertilizer.
Fertilizers are divided into:
– organic;
– mineral.
Organic fertilizers include:
– manure;
– humus;
– wood ash;
– milk serum;
– green manure (plants).
Mineral fertilizers:
– complex (ammophos, nitrophos, diammophos,
nitroammofosku);
– potash;
– Nitrogen (amide, nitrate, ammonium nitrate);
– phosphoric (bone meal, vivianite, simple and double
superphosphate, open-hearth slag, precipitate, phosphate rock).
What is best to fertilize strawberries depends on the soil.
How to fertilize strawberries: organic fertilizers
Fresh manure is not used. It can be used as
fertilizers, scattering between the rows, directly in front
the onset of frost. Until spring, manure will turn into humus and
will not only serve as a source of nutrients for plants
but also mulch that impedes weed growth.
Humus is also used directly when planting berries. Him
poured into prepared wells or scatter on the surface
soil at the rate of 3 kg per 1 sq.m.
In the autumn beds with strawberries mulch sawdust, peat, covered
leaves or straw. In the spring, rotten organics goes into
soil, saturating it with nitrogen.
In the spring is also used liquid fertilizer from chicken manure.
They are watered between rows (no more than 500 ml around each bush),
trying not to get into the area at the roots. Chicken litter divorced
as follows: for 10 liters of water – 1 liter of litter.
To saturate the soil with potassium and nitrogen, you can use the infusion
nettle. For the preparation of this plant bushes are placed in a container
and pour water. Before use, infusion is diluted with water in
ratio of 1:20.
Wood ash contains phosphorus and potassium. A bucket of water is required
a glass of ash. Stir the solution well before use. On 1
sq. m requires a glass of solution. Fertilizer is valid for
several years. Nitrogen fertilizers should not be applied along with the ash,
so that the release of ammonia, harmful in large quantities, does not begin
for berries.
The serum contains many nutrients. Recommended
use it with manure, humus or ash.
How to fertilize strawberries: complex fertilizers
Nitrophos is produced in the form of granules. Fertilizer is used at low
the content in the soil of potassium and high – phosphorus. On 1 sq. m required
80 г fertilizer.
Nitroammofoske contains sulfur. Used for feeding
strawberries in summer, after flowering. On 10 л воды достаточно 1,5
matchbox. Immediately after feeding strawberries need plenty of
to water.
Ammophos contains nitrogen and phosphorus. Fertilizer provides
berries with all necessary substances and increases resistance
diseases.
Diammophos contains magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen.
Available in granules.
How to fertilize strawberries: potash fertilizers
Recommended применять серно-кислые удобрения, не содержащие
chlorine. More effective on floodplain, podzolic and peat
soils.
Potassium chloride acidifies the soil, therefore, on acidic soils
recommended for use after liming. Not recommended for
strawberries due to chlorine, bad for berries.
Potassium salt oxidizes the soil, in dry areas creates
signs of salinity. Contains chlorine.
Potassium sulfate can be used for feeding strawberries, as
contains a small amount of chlorine. Considered the best potash
fertilizer.
How to fertilize strawberries: nitrogen fertilizers
A lot of nitrogen is contained in urea and saltpeter. Nitrogen free berries
lose their taste, become small and inconspicuous. These fertilizers
well suited for any soil, have a positive effect on growth and
plant development. Nitrogen fertilizers need to be carefully, so
as an excess of nitrogen has a negative effect on taste
berries
Urea is used for embedding in soil and foliar
top dressing. The soil is sprayed with a solution (for 10 l of water – 50 g
urea). Раствора хватает на 100 sq. m. It is forbidden to mix with
superphosphate and ammonium nitrate.
Сульфат аммония может служить основным fertilizer. Contains
ammonia available in plant form. Acidifies the soil by 1 kg
fertilizers need to enter 1.3 kg of chalk or lime.
Ammonium chloride contains chlorine, which is poorly tolerated.
strawberries. It is permissible to use fertilizer only in the fall during
deep plowing.
Ammonium fertilizers (ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride) need
use caution as high ammonia content may
cause poisoning of plants.
Sodium nitrate alkalinizes, the introduction of 1 kg of fertilizer
renders an effect identical to 0.3 kg of lime or chalk.
Calcium nitrate is also alkalinized, but the effect is somewhat
less – 1 kg of fertilizer is similar to 0.2 kg of chalk.
Sodium and calcium nitrate are the safest for
plants. It is not recommended to deposit nitric into the soil in autumn.
fertilizer.
How to fertilize strawberries: phosphate fertilizers
Simple superphosphate binds quickly in acidic soil, therefore
its effectiveness increases after liming. In soil contribute to
depth more than 10 cm. It is impossible to mix this fertilizer with urea
and ammonium nitrate. On 1 sq. м — 20 г fertilizer.
There is a superphosphate simple in powder and granular form,
double granulated.
Bonemeal goes into an affordable strawberry form more slowly
superphosphate. Apply long before planting strawberries on sour
soils. On 1 sq. m – 30-40 g of fertilizer (twice as much as
superphosphate).
Phosphate flour – alkaline fertilizer, goes into shape,
available for strawberries, only on sour soil. Apply with
plowing. Valid for about three years, so the dosage is double
больше, чем superphosphate.
Open-hearth slag reduces soil acidity. Contains фосфор,
magnesium, manganese, cobalt. Moves to available state
клубнике, медленнее superphosphate.
How to fertilize strawberries: tips
The first time fertilizers are applied during the preparation of plants for the winter.
They are brought directly into the soil.
For the second feeding, after picking the berries, it is recommended
использовать минеральные комплексные fertilizer. At this stage
plants form roots and new buds. During flowering and
fruiting strawberries do not fertilize.
Nitrogen fertilizers are applied in light soil in spring, in clayey soil
in the fall.
The next feeding is around mid-September. As
fertilizers, it is desirable to use wood ash with mullein –
half a cup of ash on a bucket of cow dung (fermented). Through
a couple of weeks the strawberries are fertilized with this solution: a glass of ash, 2 tbsp.
l nitrophos, 30 g of potash fertilizers.
When transplanting bushes to a new location, the soil is fertilized with 8 kg.
organic fertilizer and 30 grams of mineral.
