Growing currants – you want a big harvesthealth berries? Selection of seedlings, planting, care, pests and diseasescurrants

Currants are easy to grow, getting bushes with berries from white to
black in the middle of summer.

It has a sour taste and is an invaluable source.
iron and vitamin C.

On кухне используется для приготовления варенья, джемов, пирогов
and other flour products, as well as for liqueurs.

Growing currants. Selection of planting material

Currant belongs to the category of perennial shrubs. Their height
reaches 1.5 meters. The bush can grow up to 20 years. Bloom usually
begins at the end of May, and the fruits ripen in July.

Loving plant, loves timely care and moderate
watering. Необходимым условием выращивания currants является то, что
ее надо регулярно обрезать и прореживать.

It is considered a high-yielding and frost-resistant crop. When choosing
planting material should definitely pay attention to
root system, which should be: vital, not dried,
разветвленной, размером — 20—25 см. On разрезе она должна быть
white.

Straight and smooth bark of the trunk also speaks about her health. Brown
или потемневший окрас корня currants свидетельствует о его
disease, drying out, or that he froze through. The better
the root system is developed, the seedlings take root better.

It is recommended to purchase a two-year planting material.

Traditionally, currant for growing is divided into such
kinds:

Виды currants

• Белая. Является видом красной currants и
differs from it only in color and taste. Its fruits are less acidic.
(Versailles, Bayana, Belyana, Belaya Potapenko, etc.)

• Красная. Bushes are more compact, and berries
removed whole brushes. The fruits are juicy and sour in taste (Varshevich,
Голландская, Красный крест, Onтали, Мармеладница).

• Черная. (Argazinskaya, Gross, Slastena,
Gulliver, Sibylla). It has a strong and unusual flavor. Is different
high in vitamin C. Blackcurrant ripened when
the fruit has a deep, purple-black color.

When choosing сорта currants отдавайте предпочтение тем, которые
Bred specifically for your area. Make them all
необходимые условия: уход, полив, подкормку. Also
it matters for what purpose you need it. If enjoy
taste and aroma, then a large dessert is suitable for this
малоурожайная (Белая смородина Баяна, Onтали красная, Богатая
black). And if your goal is to grow currants for sale or
feed everyone jam, that is, industrial currants. On ней
smaller than the berries, the taste is not so refined, but the yield is high
(White Currant Versailles, Red Maker, Riddle
black).

Also сорта различаются по срокам созревания и делятся
на kinds:

• early (White currant Belyana, Jonker van Tet red,
Selechenskaya black);

• medium (White Currant Diamond, Gazelle Red, Rich
black);

• late (White currant of Bayana, Oryol star red,
Деликатес black).

It is recommended to have all kinds of varieties on the site, create them
necessary favorable conditions to enjoy currants
all season

Growing currants. Planting (timing, feeding, shelter,
temperature, soil, etc.)

The most favorable period for planting berries is autumn.
It is advisable to plant everything before the first frost, i.e. to end
October But don’t worry if for some reason you don’t
managed to do this. In that случае произведите весеннюю посадку
as soon as possible. The reason is that with such planting, the plant
will take longer to settle down and require additional care.

Necessary conditions include the fact that black currant loves
a lot of sun and abundant watering, red and its types are not so
demanding.

Место выбирайте солнечное, так как в тени кусты currants более
susceptible to fungal diseases.

Fulfill the necessary conditions a few weeks before landing.
для успешного выращивания currants: очистите почву от всех
perennial weeds and add a generous amount of top dressing –
well rotted manure or compost. Currant loves acid
the soil. To do this, put on the bottom of the chalk, old plaster, cement,
eggshell or ash. Also можно добавить и сбалансированное
fertilizer.

Dig a hole at least twice the diameter of the ball
root and a depth of 40-50 cm, and distribute the roots for planting.
Set each plant 6 cm deeper than before.
Deep planting encourages the development of young, energetic shoots from
grounds. Mix the soil from the hole with well-swollen manure.
and organic fertilizer, and fill the groove.

Saplings with a small crown are planted closer to each other, and with
sprawling – at a slightly longer distance. Approximate
the size between the bushes should be 1-2 meters, and between rows –
up to 3 meters.

Cхема посадки currants

If the bushes are too close together, then
lack of light and nutrition will affect the amount of crop
выращивании currants.

Put the seedling in the hole, pre-watered with water, is necessary
at an angle. This is done to better create
adventitious roots and new shoots from the buds buried
parts of the root system. It contributes to the formation of powerful and
strong bush. Затем is necessary засыпать ямку землей и осуществить
watering gradually in quantities of up to 3 buckets of water. Some experienced
gardeners recommend further digging up grooves around the bush
at a distance of about 20 cm and pour water into them. Это is necessary
in order for the root system to receive an adequate supply of moisture.
After planting, it is desirable to mumble the plant. If this process
care to ignore, the moisture quickly leaves the soil, and the plant
it will be hard to catch on.

Currants can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions, but
prefers well drained, fertile, preserving
necessary moisture conditions.

In most parts of Russia, currants for the winter are not
taking cover. Its bushes are quite resistant to winter weather and not
require additional care. The only thing recommended
to do is to carry out mulching about 15 cm high, i.e.
cover the surface around the shrub with any materials
regulating regime balance in the soil. It may be humus,
compost, peat, sawdust, etc. But some areas need
protection from 40 degrees of frost and strong winds. To do this, press
bushes obliquely to the ground and cover with a layer of soil.

Growing currants. Care, feeding

After planting currant care starts immediately.

• Первоначально произведите обрезку кустов
наполовину или на одну треть. It will restore balance
roots and will give a good harvest in the first year.

• Обеспечивайте достаточное количество влаги.
Полив is necessary осуществлять всю весну и половину лета, не
allowing the soil to dry out. As a general rule, it is recommended
water the bushes in the evening so that the roots are saturated with moisture overnight.
After the berries begin to turn their colors, watering
stop. Это is necessary для того, чтобы ягоды не стали
to crack from excess moisture in the cell sap.

• Currant bushes need constant care and renewal,
to ensure greater yields. Old branches will bring
fruits, but the quantity and quality will decrease in proportion
age For this reason, new bushes are planted deep to
ensure the formation of energetic young branches annually.
Every year, remove about one-third of the oldest
стеблей (на них кора очень темного цвета или корешки очень
weak or low). Trimming is done to ground level or to
strong new escape. In the fourth year, old wood is removed from
grounds, leaving 7 to 10 healthy shoots.

• The best predecessors for currant cultivation are
green manure crops (plants that are grown to increase
land fertility) or grain crops. If you plant it after
berry bushes, tired soil and decaying vegetable
the remnants will not allow the new bush to grow and develop. On prone
locate currants in the middle or lower part
slope.

Подкормка currants начинается еще до посадки.
Ямку, подготовленную под посадку, is necessary удобрить перепревшим
manure, humus or compost. It is also advisable to add
superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate. If the soil
sour, it is recommended to add ash and lime. Such a hole
is necessary оставить примерно на две недели, чтобы почва осела.
Immediately before planting, mix fertile soil with
top dressing in order not to expose the roots to concentrated
fertilizer dose.

The first two years with the care of this feeding will be enough. On
the third year, except for the annual spring fertilization with nitrogen fertilizer
(urea), organic fertilizers are applied in the fall, 40-50 g
superphosphate and 10-20 g – potassium sulfate. Onчиная с четвертого
years, currant branches grow old faster. Urea is now recommended
contribute as follows: 75% of the total number in spring, and 25% –
after flowering. Thus, fertilizer nitrogen fertilizer
carried out annually, the use of organic, phosphoric and
Potash fertilizer depends on the composition of the soil.

The main pests and diseases of currants and how to combat
by them

Unfortunately, black, red and white currants are subject to
some types of diseases and all sorts of pests.

Consider the signs of diseases, types of pests control methods
с by them:

Антракноз (на leavesх currants появились
small brown spots), septoria (white spots on the leaves). In that
If it is recommended to spray the bushes and soil with a solution (100 grams
10 liters of water) copper sulfate.

Anthracnose currant

• Ржавчина. In that случае поможет 1% бордоская
liquid (100 g of vitriol + 100 g of lime per 10 liters of water).

• Мучнистая роса (белый налет паутинки на
currant leaves) – bushes are treated with 3% solution of iron
vitriol, 1% solution of copper sulfate. Can use
the following method: pour the manure 1: 3 with water and insist
within 3 days. Then diluted infusion in an amount of 1: 2
spray sick bushes.

• Ложногусеницы объедают до жилок leaves
currants, caterpillars of a two-year-old moth damage berries –
insecticide spraying (karbofos, dichlorvos, aktellik,
etafos, ambush, etc.)

• Огневка — ягоды созревают раньше времени и
dry up. It is necessary to remove and destroy spider nests with
bushes, and after flowering currant spray with insecticides.

• Тля — при ее нашествии leaves currants
curl, dry out and die off. Spraying of blue vitriol,
insecticides produce before blooming soil. From folk remedies
You can use the soap solution (300 g of soap per 10 liters
water).

• Нектриевое усыхание currants — на нижней
parts of branches appear bumps, which then turn black. Such branches
is necessary срезать и сжигать.

• Реверсия currants (появление цветков
уродливой формы, leaves становятся узкими, вытягиваются и кажутся
terry). The main distributor of this disease is the kidney.
currant mite. Such a viral disease is practically not subject to
treatment. Affected bushes must be uprooted and burned.

Necessary conditions and preventive measures:

1) use healthy planting material;

2) Spray in a timely manner and subject to all rules.
The procedure should be done before the berries bloom and after the harvest.
Exercise carefully not to miss any
processed place.

3) carry out the necessary conditions for watering and feeding
shrubs;

4) удаляйте все опавшие leaves под кустами и перекапывайте почву
in the radical circle;

5) do not allow the spread of weeds in the area, as
they can take all the nutrients;

6) loosen the soil around the bushes;

7) shake the tracks, remove the web;

mulch the soil in spring;

9) cut and destroy the affected shoots, berries.

10) observe quarantine measures.

The hassle associated with the cultivation of currants pay off by the fact that
This well of vitamin you can enjoy a whole year.