Ср, 17 фев 2016 Автор: ЕвгенийGrammatikati
Carrots – a traditional root vegetable for our gardens, it seems to be about
this vegetable learn something new is impossible, but from experienced owners
have their own growing techniques, many times tested on
practice.
After all, if there are no difficulties in this matter, then why?
one carrot grows flat and large, and the other, despite
a lot of effort, it grows shallow, ugly and curve.
Contents
Growing carrots. Selection of planting material, seeds
Many varieties make it easy to choose the appropriate option.
as for the spring harvest, so for the winter.
Varieties with high yield:
• Flacquet;
• Queen of Autumn;
• Vitamin;
• Nantes;
• Tushon;
• Alenka.
Флакке — позднеспелый сорт, урожай можно
clean aged plants 100-120 days. Размер root vegetables до 30
cm, weight about 150-170 g.
Королева Осени — позднеспелый сорт, отлично
suitable for storage in winter, harvest can be harvested in
age 125-135 days. Размер root vegetables до 20 см, масса примерно
160 g
Витаминная — среднеспелый сорт, содержит много
carotene, harvest harvested at the age of 110-120 days. Размер root vegetables
up to 15 cm, weight about 150 g
Нантская — среднеспелый сорт, созревает
all in 85-90 days. Root crops 16 cm long, reach weight
up to 165 g
Тушон — скороспелый сорт, используется для
cooking 60 days after germination. Root Size
20 cm, weight reaches 150 g.
Аленка — ранний сорт, готов к использованию
in 50 days. Root crops weight up to 145 g, weight 12-15 cm.
Growing carrots: sowing (timing, dressing, shelter,
temperature, soil, etc.)
Carrots must be sown in a bright place, growing in the shade
root crops grow small and taste worse. For this reason, for
This culture needs to pick up the site, the whole day lit
the sun
we sow carrots in ribbons
It is necessary to take into account the rules of crop rotation –
sequence of crop placement over several seasons
on one plot.
Carrots should not be sown in the garden, where
grown:
• Celery;
• Pasternak;
• Dill;
• Parsley.
This root grows well after:
• Cabbage;
• Potatoes;
• garlic;
• Luke;
• Cucumbers;
• Tomatoes.
When is it best to sow carrots
Sowing at the right time for this crop has a huge
value, it directly affects the yield. Ripening period of root crops
different varieties vary in large interval. Additionally need
take into account the desired time of receipt of vegetable products.
The sowing time depends on the selected variety, for example, in
mid-April, early sowing varieties are sown, almost sown by the end of May
mid-season plants, and planting carrots for winter consumption
possible until mid-June.
Growing carrots for “beam products” is produced
sowing of early varieties, early spring or before the onset of frost.
Of course, autumn sowing is not possible in all regions, in frosty
winters may die seeds. For this reason, preferably in the northern
produce carrots in early spring, immediately after
warming the soil.
Preparation of seeds before sowing, makes it possible to immediately remove
substandard seeds and accelerate the emergence of seedlings. This operation is not
requires little effort. First you need to pour the seeds slightly heated
water after 10 hours of quality seeds
sink to the bottom. Seeds for the quick emergence of seedlings
scattered on a wet piece of cloth and so hold for several days,
at a temperature of 20-24 degrees. So, seeds will be released in 3-4 days
roots.
До посадки root vegetables, готовят и хорошо поливают бороздки
1.5-2 cm deep. Between the rows take a distance of 15 cm, in
the groove place the seeds with a gap of 2 cm.
Spring sowing
Early spring sow the seeds prepared in advance in narrow
grooves located after 10 cm. They are watered with warm water,
powdered with ash or chalk and carefully covered with soil.
Attention! Dilute carrots make no sense
subsequently it will be necessary to break through the crops to leave only healthy and
strong specimens.
Planting with paper tape will allow you to sow seeds.
even rows. In winter, paper is glued to tape from paper.
starch seeds. In the spring you only need to expand on the furrow
tape and sprinkle it with soil. Joint planting carrots with onions
use a lot of gardeners. So you can get
at the same time high-quality onions and healthy root vegetables. This culture
does not germinate for a long time – the first entrances can sometimes be noticed only
in a month.
With the onset of heat, weeds begin to actively develop.
For this reason, many gardeners sow radishes, lettuce or spinach with
seeds of carrots, so you can weed the space between the rows
after the “lighthouse” culture rises.
Sub-winter sowing
The climate of our country is unpredictable – unexpected, harsh
cold snap, thaw. For this reason, it is difficult to decide exactly when
sow carrots in late autumn. You need to guess such a moment to
carrots did not sprout to steady frosts, otherwise sprouts will die.
It is advisable to sow this culture on frozen ground, increasing
the number of seeds by 20%.
When sub-winter sowing, you do not need to pre-cook the seeds –
soak and germinate, dry will not germinate too early.
Growing carrots: care, feeding
To get a visually appealing and tasty carrot,
need to take good care of the soil. It should be loose
the crust on the surface of the garden and soil compaction causes
curving carrots, the root crop will be large, but crooked and
divided into several parts. Weeds growing nearby negatively
affect the growth of carrots, they must be destroyed immediately. First time
weed a garden can, it is necessary even before the appearance of sprouts.
Sown thickly carrots grow small, thin out
crops need immediately after the formation of these leaves. Plants
must be at a distance of 3 cm. If the crop has been sown
There is no need to break through it.
Growing carrots: watering and fertilizer
High-quality carrots grow only with stable watering.
Lack of moisture – the main thing that leads to lethargy and bitterness of carrots.
It is important to water the plants in the required quantity at any stage of their
development. Промачивать грунт нужно таким образом, to он намок на
30 cm
Carrots need to be fed twice during the summer, in 3-4 weeks
after the appearance of seedlings, and again, after two months.
Вносить удобрения лучше в растворе, на 10 л воды
one of these fertilizers:
1. 15 g of superphosphate and urea and in addition add to the solution
20 g of potassium nitrate;
2. Paul one-liter jar of wood ash;
3. 25 g nitrophoska.
Harvesting carrots
For the gardener to clean grown roots – the most troublesome,
but, without a doubt, a very pleasant job. Basically this operation
produce in the autumn, before the first frost. For example,
late-ripened cabbage will be better kept if it is lightly
grab the first weak frost (1-3 degrees). A carrot
It is necessary to start cleaning up long before this time, most often in
mid-September – immediately after harvesting potatoes.
Some gardeners for early production use
podzimny sowing carrots or early varieties sown in spring,
to во второй декаде лета получить сладкие молодые корнеплоды.
Of course, they are absolutely not suitable for storage in the winter.
If the early carrot is not removed on time, it is most often
начинает трескаться на грядке, теряет свои
taste qualities.
Среднеспелая морковь должна расти примерно
80-110 days, that its time to clean, says the death of the lower
leaves, extra time to keep on the garden such varieties are not worth it, taste
root vegetables станет хуже и мякоть станет рыхлой. Some gardeners
mistakenly think that for complete ripeness should wither and
yellowing the whole tops of carrots, it does not mean that the plants
ready to harvest, but rather that they are sick.
Позднеспелая морковь (срок вегетации свыше 110
days), cleaned in the fall in mid-September, but only in dry
day, no rain should be. If you hold it to the first
frost, then the harvest is sick with gray rot and so during storage you can
lose all root vegetables. But also to rush to the late-ripe collection
carrots can not, temperature drops during storage
adversely affect the results. Last month before the start
уборки моркови ее поливать не нужно совсем, to корнеплоды не
began to crack or not provoke their growth.
Crop storage
In the cellar is placed on the floor surface of the board, on top of them
желательно положить полынь, как «пугало» для
rodents. Or you can lay the crop in boxes, dried
pre-sun Many store roots, peppered them
layers of sand.
Growing carrots: the main pests and ways to combat
by them
Основной недруг моркови — морковная муха, ее
can be detected by twisted leaves. Against this pest
protected, properly caring for carrots.
The fly breeds on very wet, overgrown with weeds and
thickened crops. You can destroy the pest with the help of such
compositions as: Actellic, Intavir, etc. During growth and after
harvesting, crops are affected by various rot.
Some of them cause a decrease in taste
carrots (the root begins to taste bitter), others destroy completely
the harvest itself.
Dry rot
This disease is caused by a fungus, the plants get sick at the end
vegetation. Brown spots appear on the petioles and leaves. After
this, as the disease develops, it affects the root. Most
active spreading of the fungus occurs during storage
root crops.
They start to rot from the top, then on the surface little by little
shallow brown grooves with spores become noticeable
fungus black. If the temperature during storage is less than 10
degrees, then dry rot spreads slowly. When raising
the temperature of the fungus develops faster, which causes
the death of the entire carrot crop. Disease spores remain alive on
surface storage for a long time.
Ways борьбы: сбор остатков растений,
filling the soil with potash phosphate fertilizer before planting.
White rot
The disease manifests itself as a result of the development of a fungus,
infect virtually all cultures. When storing carrots on it
wet rot and soft spots are formed, at this time it is difficult
notice the defeat, the roots almost do not change their color. With
time soft areas are covered with a light bloom, then
a crust is formed with black dots. Disease infects
the soil, its pathogen penetrates into the soil with fresh manure.
Ways борьбы: опрыскивание растений
copper-containing compounds, fertilization of crops with potash fertilizer,
storage processing gray.
Gray rot
Болезнь, в виде мокрой гнили на поверхность root vegetables, она
It becomes soft, and after a time it soaks and becomes dark. After
which in these areas is formed a lot of raid, gray. This
the disease causes large crop losses.
Ways борьбы: поддержание температуры в
storage of about 2 degrees heat, processing 1% Bordeaux
liquid, fertilizing crops with fertilizers containing nitrogen.
carrot fly larvae
Carrot fly
This pest appears from the pupae in the middle of spring. Sign of
the appearance of the pest – a bronze tint noticeable on the surface
leaves. After a short time the plant withers and dies. If shoots
were thinned out late, the pest lays eggs into the ground.
With временем из них рождаются личинки, которые питаются тканями
root vegetables. This carrot is not suitable for use, it
getting bitter.
Ways борьбы: вспашка почвы, прополка
crops, processing of such chemical compositions.
Carrot listobloshka
A small insect that has jumping legs.
same as fleas. Female pest lays on
vegetative mass of eggs from which larvae hatch, they,
sucked from the plant juice. As a result, the leaves through a small
time is dry.
Ways борьбы: опрыскивание раствором мыла или
use for this infusion of tobacco.
