Clematis – growing, care, transplanting andbreeding

Wed, 09 Mar 2016

Род Клематисы (Clematis) из семейства лютиковых
includes up to 300 species of plants of various shapes,
the color and size of the flowers, which makes them big
attractive to gardeners. Russian name of clematis –
clematis.

In Europe, clematis began to be cultivated in the 16th century, and
it comes from Japan, where its cultivation has a very
long history. In the Russian greenhouses this plant
appeared at the beginning of the XIX century, but it was actively cultivated
only by the middle of the 20th century. Today clematis is one of the most
popular plants for vertical gardening and has many
beautiful varieties and forms created as a result of breeding
work.

Clematis is a perennial grassy liana,
having woody stems and flexible shoots climbing
height over 3 m. Depending on the size of the flower clematis are
small-flowered (with a flower diameter of 2-5 cm) and large-flowered (with
flower diameter 5-15 cm). They bloom profusely and long, up to 3
months, and with good care on one bush can simultaneously
bloom up to 500 flowers that may have white, yellow,
pink, crimson, cherry red, bluish and purple
coloring.

All this causes the widespread use of clematis in
decorative gardening. The most spectacular look amazing
compositions with all sorts of color combinations of clematis.

Contents

Clematis – growing and care

Clematis are light-loving plants, so they should be planted.
in sunny places, protected from the wind. For good development
plants and abundant flowering they need permeable,
loamy, slightly alkaline or neutral, fertile, good
fertilized and loose soil. On saline, raw, heavy, sour
Clematis does not take root. However, you need to consider that fresh
manure plant can only harm.

Clematis is very sensitive to excess moisture, so areas with
nearby ground waters are also not suitable for their
cultivation. In this case, you can plant plants on the hill.
additionally poured soil, or their roots, which reach
a length of 1 meter or more, rot. When clay soil follows from
Clematis landing sites to make a drain groove to divert
excess water.

These plants are very grateful for feeding, which
must be carried out at least four times per season. For this
use complete mineral fertilizer with trace elements, which
taken in an amount of from 20 to 40 grams. 10 liters of water. Mineral and
organic supplements should be alternated.

Since clematis is very sensitive to overheating and dryness
soil, after the first spring watering and loosening planting them
Mulch with peat, humus or sawdust.

Клематис – пересадка и breeding

Planting and transplanting clematis is carried out from the third decade
April until May 15, but you can do it also at the end of August –
September Landing should be preceded by digging the soil to a depth
about 60 cm. At the bottom of the pit you need to pour drainage, a layer of which
should be about 10 cm (for him you can take a broken brick,
stones, etc.). Large-flowered plants in a row must defend each other.
from each other by about 0.8-1.2 m, small-flowered – by 2-3 m. When
planting or transplanting clematis in the landing hole you need to add
superphosphate (3-4 tablespoons) and full mineral fertilizer with
microelements (2-3 tablespoons), as well as humus or compost
(1,2-2 buckets). In the acidic soil you need to add 100 grams. slaked
lime or wood ash (up to 3 glasses). Root neck when
planting should be deepened by 8-10 cm for young plants and up to 15
cm – for adults, with such a planting plant roots will not freeze out
in winter and not overheat in summer.

Also, when planting or transplanting, you need to immediately install supports for
liana, so as not to injure the root system.

Clematis can be propagated vegetatively (by dividing
кустов или breedingм осенними и летними отводками), и семенами.
At the same time, the seed propagation method is not suitable for hybrid
large-flowered clematis, because of the thus obtained
seedlings no maternal properties. Therefore seed recommended
breed only species small-flowered clematis.

Clematis is taken to divide the bushes up to 7 years old, since
in older plants it is very difficult to separate powerful root
the system. Having dug up bushes of plants, they should be freed from the ground and
cut into pieces with a pruner or knife so that
each plant had buds on the root neck.

To get for breeding otdelyki, should be in October
cut off all the leaves and shoots from the shoots to a well-developed
the kidneys. By bundling the shoots into a bundle (this should be done very carefully), their
placed in the grooves, poured from below and above a layer of peat. Further,
compacted above the ground, the plant is well covered, and the following year
often and abundantly watered. When sprouts appear, the soil surface
should be mulched humus, moss, peat, and by the fall of these
young Ascended plants can be used for planting. Can
carry out laying of layers in the spring, but then there is a danger of them
freezing in the winter cold.

Clematis – diseases and pests

Most often clematis can suffer from gray rot, Fusarium,
brown spot, rust, powdery mildew, wilt (wilt).
The last disease for a plant is especially dangerous. This
the infection leads to a sudden and rapid withering of young shoots
and even the entire aboveground part of the plant. Disease penetrates it
through the damaged base of the shoots. If it happened, then
it is necessary to prune and burn affected shoots or
even the whole plant, and for the treatment of healthy residues and soil
use a solution of foundationol, potassium permanganate or
copper-soap emulsion (it is prepared from 10 liters of water, 20 g. of copper
vitriol and 200 gr. soap).

Prevention of fungal diseases of clematis lies in
implementation in early spring and before the fall shelter processing
soil and shoot bases with a solution of foundationol (20 g per 10 l
water).

Clematis can also be affected by pests: aphids, spiderwebs
tick, slugs, snails, caterpillars, bears, mice. But
The most dangerous pest for the plant is the gallic nematode.
Her small worms, rooting into the roots, parasitize them. It may
lead to a deterioration in the growth of clematis, death of roots, shredding
flowers and even the death of the plant. Nematode-affected plants
subject to immediate destruction, the soil at the place of their growth
should be treated with nematocides. Clematis not affected
nematodes, if they grow in close proximity to marigolds, calendula,
parsley, dill, coriander, watercress.

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