Glomerulonephritis – causes, symptoms,diagnosis, treatment

Tue, Mar 22, 2016

Гломерулонефрит (также используется название
“glomerular nephritis”) is a kidney disease that occurs in
the result of the process of inflammation glomeruli. This condition may
have the appearance of isolated hematuria and / or proteinuria; or
нефротического синдрома, острой почечной недостаточности, or
chronic renal failure. These forms are collected in several
разных групп — непролиферативные or пролиферативные типы.

Diagnosis is needed to determine the type of disease.
a sample of glomerulonephritis. One that develops directly
due to a violation of the morphology of the kidneys is called primary
glomerulonephritis. And the so-called secondary glomerulonephritis
связаны с определенными инфекциями (бактериальными, вирусными or
parasitic microorganisms, such as group A streptococcus),
systemic diseases (vasculitis, SLE), drug use
or раковыми новообразованиями.

Glomerulonephritis, depending on the form of flow is divided into
chronic, rapidly progressive and acute.

Contents

Glomerulonephritis – causes

The following causes of glomerulonephritis are distinguished:

– infectious (scarlet fever, sore throat, sepsis, infectious
endocarditis, typhoid fever, pneumococcal pneumonia, meningococcal
infection, infectious mononucleosis, viral hepatitis B, varicella
smallpox, mumps, infections caused by viruses
Coxsackie); – systemic diseases: vasculitis, systemic red
lupus, hereditary pulmonary and renal syndrome, disease
Schönlein — Genoh; – the introduction of vaccines, serums; – toxic
chemicals (alcohol, organic solvents, lead,
mercury, etc.); – radiation exposure.

1-4 weeks after adverse effects
provoking factor are symptoms of glomerulonephritis.

Depending on the form of defeat of the glomeruli, some or
other of the following external symptoms of glomerulonephritis:

– the presence of blood in the urine – urine color “meat slop”; – swollen
face (mostly eyelids swell), swollen feet and legs; –
blood pressure is higher than normal; – thirst, low secretion
urine; – fever (rarely); – lack of appetite,
nausea, vomiting, general weakness, headache; – weight gain
bodies without visible external causes; – shortness of breath.

Glomerulonephritis – diagnosis

Such tests are used to diagnose glomerulonephritis.
and indicators:

– urinalysis (determined by the content in the urine of red blood cells,
leukocytes, cylinders, protein); – determination of urine specific gravity
(при гломерулонефрите он нормальный or повышенный);- в крови –
increase in antibody titer to streptococci (antistreptolysin O,
anti-streptokinase, antihyaluronidase); – low content
complement components C4 and C3 in the serum when returning to
baseline after 6–8 weeks in case of acute
poststreptokokkovogo glomerulonephritis; with membranoproliferative
glomerulonephritis such changes persist for life; –
low content of total protein in blood serum, in
proteinogram increased content of A1 – and A2-globulin; –
radioisotope angiorenography; – ultrasound of the kidneys; – ECG; – inspection
the fundus of the eye; – renal biopsy – makes it possible to specify the form
chronic glomerulonephritis and its activity, exclude other
kidney disease with similar symptoms.

Glomerulonephritis – treatment

– bed rest (in the acute phase), often – hospitalization; –
avoid hypothermia, limiting physical exertion; – diet,
regulating the amount of proteins, salt is limited in swelling and
hypertension; – medications depending on
forms and stages of the disease – antibiotics, cytostatics,
glucocorticoids, diuretics, antihypertensive drugs
(captopril, enalapril, ramipril), lipid-lowering drugs
(simvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, atorvastatin),
antiagreganty; – radical methods (in severe cases):
plasma exchange, drainage of the thoracic lymphatic duct, hemosorption,
kidney transplantation.

Comments

Sveta 11/27/2016 The article is good, but the methods are not enough described
treatment. In addition, I would like to know whether you can use
folk methods. For example, here from this article
http://www.imtime.ru/publication?id=9063 well, or their other huge
quantity

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