Perennial delphinium: planting and care (photo).Basic rules for growing perennial delphinium, disease andpests

Ср, 18 май 2016 Автор: Эльвира Корчагина

Delphinium (larkspur, sniper) – a popular flower culture
family of buttercups.

Thanks to its spectacular bright inflorescences, the delphinium is well
Looks like a long-range plant in group flower
landings.

In addition to its beauty, the wiper is very unpretentious in care,
drought and frost-resistant, re-blooms after pruning
inflorescences.

Contents

Perennial delphinium: choice of location, landing methods

How to choose a place for landing delphinium?

The landing site of the delphinium should be well lit, but
with shading from direct sunlight at noon. On unprotected
delphinium flowers from the sun will fade and lose
decorative Due to the fact that high shoots of the delphinium can
easily damaged by strong wind (easily break off at the base),
place for his landing choose less blown and open: under
crown of trees or adjacent to shrubs, fence, wall
houses.

Larkspur grows well on loose fertilized soils. On the lungs
sandy blooms will be more pale and less abundant. On heavy
clay areas need to make sand and humus. Sour
Overmoistened soils are not suitable for growing delphinium.

Ways of planting a delphinium

The easiest ways to land a delphinium are landing.
delenok and cuttings.

Growing delphinium from seeds is a more laborious process, since
during long-term storage, seeds lose their germination. It is this
due to low or even zero results when seeding purchased
seeds. It is safer to use seed from your own collection.
However, we must remember that plants grown from seeds are often not
preserve the varietal traits of the mother plant (especially
concerns colors and terry).

Planting seeds in open ground

In open ground, seeds are sown in May or September (under the film).
To do this, in the prepared soil in the garden make small grooves and
sow seeds, sprinkle them with a thin (no more than 5 mm) layer of sand or
land. If planting was done in the fall, the seeds will undergo
natural stratification and germination percentage will be higher. Shoots
appear after 3-4 weeks.

Planting seeds for seedlings

In room conditions for seedlings sown in March. Soil for
This is taken loose and nutritious. After distributing seeds on it,
they are powdered with a layer of earth in 3 mm and compacted so that at the first
watering they did not surface. It is necessary to water carefully, it is better through
strainer.

After this, the bowl with plantings is covered with a dark film or
other covering material, because the delphinium seeds are better
ascend in the dark.

Delphinium crops must be covered with opaque
by material

The optimum temperature for germination is + 10-15C. For
acceleration of germination can be stratified
(exposure to cold): container with seeds is placed in the refrigerator
or a balcony for a week at a temperature of + 5C. After that her
rearranged again on the windowsill. In this period, we must not forget
air crops, remove excess condensate from the film, on time
moisten the earth.

Shoots появляются в течение 1-2 недели. It’s important not to miss this one.
moment to remove the covering film. Picks are subject to availability.
1-2 true leaves. In the open ground seedlings are planted at the end
May – early June. Such plants will bloom in August.

Planting rhizomatous delenok

For размножения дельфиниума корневищем используют кусты
3-5 years old. The division is carried out in early spring before the start of active
growth or late August-early September after the end of the first
flowering waves. Rhizomes are divided into parts so that on each of
there was at least one growth kidney. Slices powder powder
charcoal.

Divided delphinium bush

At the selected site digging holes 50×40 cm. The dug out earth.
mixed with humus and peat, and poured back. In each hole
50g of mineral fertilizers and a handful of wood ash are added. With
посадке корневую шейку оставляют на уровне land. Thereafter
plants are watered, weeds are regularly weeded and soil is loosened.
The distance between the bushes is planned on the basis of the variety and type:

• 50-60 cm – for tall hybrid (height more than 1.5 m);

• 40-50 cm – for medium-sized (1.2-1.5 m);

• 30-40 cm – for undersized (0.8-1.2 m).

Planting cuttings

For черенкования используют молодые побеги, достигшие 10-15 см в
height. In the spring, the cuttings are broken out together with the “heel” at the base.
plants and root in a mini-greenhouse at a temperature of + 25 ° C and bright
ambient lighting. After the cuttings have taken root (approximately
3-4 weeks), they are planted in open ground.

Delphinium perennial: care

Delphinium unpretentious in care and cultivation. Care of him
consists in watering, weeding, early thinning, fertilizer and
tying up.

Watering

Delphinium is quite drought-resistant and does not like excess moisture,
however, during the formation of inflorescences it should be watered abundantly,
so that the moisture is not soaked only upper, but also deeper
soil layers. Here we must act according to the rule: better quality than
quantity. It so happens that with abundant watering and intense heat in
inflorescences may appear bald (without flowers) areas.
To minimize such manifestations will help use
potassium phosphate fertilizers during budding.

Thinning and pruning

In the second year of vegetation, the delphinium gives a lot of shoots, therefore,
so that it blooms profusely with large flowers, it is necessary to thin out
bush plants. This is done in the spring when the stems reach 20-40 cm. In
bush leave 5-10 (depending on the variety) strong shoots. For
better air circulation is primarily removed unproductive
stalks in the inner part of the bush.

Instead of such thinning in the fall, you can cut off the extra growth
the kidneys. As a result of this procedure, food in the spring will come
to the remaining kidneys, which will develop at an accelerated pace.
If the shoots are removed with a heel (a piece of rhizome), then they can
used as cuttings for breeding larkspur.

In order not to stimulate the growth of new shoots in the current year and not
thereby weakening the plant before hibernation, in summer inflorescences on
shoots as flowering pruned. In the autumn after
the plant will bloom and its leaves dry, the stems are cut off
полностью на высоте 30 см от land. If you cut them shorter, then
the probability of rotting of roots increases – the delphinium stems have
the hollow structure and after spring trimming along them to the rhizome is easy
melt water flows down. To prevent this, experienced gardeners
Cover the top of the cut with clay.

Garter

The delphinium has its Achilles heel – this is the junction
stalk and rhizomes, which with a strong wind breaks easily.
Therefore, as the bush grows, it is tied up in 2 places: at the height
0.4-0.5 m and 1-1.2 m. Varieties with heavy buds are also tied up in
the middle part (0.7-0.8 m).

As a support well fit rings on racks.

Wintering

Delphiniums easily tolerate the winter, keeping frost under the snow
to —40 ° C. The alternation of thaws and frosts has a devastating
influence on this culture – its root system is close
to the surface of the earth and easily crumbles out. With отсутствии снежного
The cover of delphinium bushes can be covered with spruce branches.

Delphinium perennial: feeding

For the entire growing season, the delphiniums are fed three times.

The first dressing is carried out in early spring, when the shoots have reached
15-20 cm in height: per 1 sq.m. need 10-15g of ammonium nitrate,
20-30 g of potassium chloride and 30-40 g of ammonium sulfate. Fertilizers
mixed and scattered around the bushes delphinium. You can instead
these fertilizers as a source of nitrogen use infusion
Mullein (1:10) – 1 bucket per 5 adult bushes. With формировании
buds of plants need potassium, but the nitrogen content should
to be lowered.

With второй подкормке на 1 кв. m soil dose of superphosphate and potassium
doubled compared to the first application. For the third time (in
end or after flowering) under the bushes of a bore bring only
potassium phosphate fertilizers with trace elements without nitrogen.

Дельфиниум многолетний: pests и болезни

Delphiniums are particularly affected by various diseases with
adverse weather conditions: prolonged rains, prolonged
drought. Therefore pest and pathogen control
begin at the first sign of their appearance.

The most prevalent palm is
мучнистая роса. It progresses rapidly when
high humidity and low air temperatures. Withзнаками ее
is a mealy whitish bloom on the leaves, which subsequently
turns brown. For борьбы с этим заболеванием применяют опрыскивание
plants fungicidal preparations (blue vitriol, colloidal sulfur,
Fundazol, ProfitGold, Topaz, Fitosporin-M).

Another common disease of the fungal etiology is
рамуляриоз. For него характерно появление большого
numbers of brown spots on the leaves of the delphinium.

Ramulari manifestation on delphinium leaves

With дальнейшем развитии болезни пятна становятся светло-серыми с
dark rim around the edges and merge, forming on foliage extensive
necrotic areas. As a result, the leaves prematurely
die off, the plant is oppressed. Pathogen spores overwinter by
plant residues, so they must be collected and burned.

If various black spots appeared on the bushes of a bog,
это признаки бактериального заболевания — черной
пятнистости
. Spots are formed first on the lower tiers.
leaves, gradually “rise” up the plant. Larkspur stalks
at the same time turn brown and dry.

Black spot on the lower leaves of the delphinium

Early treatment can help save the plant. Its three times
sprayed with copper-containing drugs: Oxyhom, Bordeaux
liquid, Previkur, Fundazol, Topaz. Between treatments the ground under
bushes can be shed solution Fitosporina-M, and the ground part
plants Baikal-M.

Of the viral diseases in the delphinium often occurs
кольцевая пятнистость, которая выглядит как
yellowish spots in the shape of irregular rings. Leaves become
chlorotic

Struck ring spotted sheet of delphinium

This disease cannot be cured, therefore the diseased plant
removed and burned. Carrier ring spot is aphid.
For борьбы с ней используют инсектициды (Искра, Фитоверм, Инта-вир,
karbofos, biotlin, etc.).

Another malicious pest of this culture –
дельфиниумовая муха, которая откладывает яйца в
buds. Having hatched, the larvae spoil the flowers, feeding on the stamens and
pestles. Damaged flowers crumble prematurely and not
bear fruit.

В результате паразитирования дельфиниумного
(шпорникового) клеща
на листьях растения появляются
swelling, they are deformed and die. Delphinium acquires
�”Curly” look, inflorescences are not formed on it, growth
it stops.

Seedlings and juicy young shoots of the delphinium are badly damaged
слизнями и улитками. For борьбы с ними используют
traps, arrange mechanical barriers around the beds, from
chemical preparations used granular metaldehyde.

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