How to identify and prevent diseases of strawberriesgarden. What hurts strawberries: the most commondiseases

Ср, 20 июл 2016 Автор: Юлия Кривенко

Growing garden strawberries, summer resident waits for a good harvest. but
for the successful cultivation of strawberries on the site must comply
a number of agrotechnical rules, healthy planting material and a lot
care. But even if all requirements are met, landings can
подвергаться различным diseasesм, которые снижают урожай.
To recognize and prevent the spread of the disease in time
the main task of the gardener.

Contents

Вирусные diseases земляники садовой

On the started landings viral
diseases, которые переносятся земляничной тлей. Affected bushes
impossible to save.

Important! Viral plant
disease, gives infected planting material, so in
breeding such bushes are not involved.

Основным способом борьбы с вирусными diseasesми является
prevention, removal of affected plants, destruction
carriers of the virus.

Since disease carriers are strawberry aphids,
the main methods of struggle should be aimed at the destruction
aphid colonies. The pest settles on the infected plant, feeds
its juice, and then goes to a healthy landing, infecting them with
nutrition.

Propagating strawberry, you need to take planting material
only from healthy plants. All bushes that have been found
признаки diseases, должны быть сожжены. For the gardener is very important
time to recognize the disease, to be able to resist it.

1. Xanthosis

Симптомы этого diseases хорошо проявляются в конце лета и
in the autumn when the air temperature is high, the soil is wet and the plant
continues to grow. The first signs appear first on
young leaves in the center of the outlet. Infected leaves lose their
green and yellow. Young leaves stop normal
grow, their edges curl upward. The plant becomes dwarf
and flattened.

Different varieties of strawberries react differently to this virus.
The most susceptible variety is the Royal Sovereign. Right after
diseases все признаки хорошо проявляются. Other types of strawberries
more resistant to xanthosis, they rarely appear
симптомы diseases.

2. Strong wrinkling

Recognize the disease can be on white spots, which are formed on
young leaves. Affected tissue ceases to grow, sheet
deformed and becomes wrinkled. Most often the disease betrays
leaves characteristic red tint.

Dangerous fungal diseases in strawberry

1. Mealy dew

The most common disease of strawberry, the causative agent
which is a fungus. На ранней стадии diseases молодые
leaves of the plant are covered with dark spots, they later
twisted up. On the lower surface of the leaves you can
consider white powdered plaque – this is the spores of the fungus. Disease
progresses rapidly and goes to the ovary and fruit. Affected
berries stop growing and dry out.

Powdery mildew needs to be fought in several stages in the spring and
in the fall. Spraying is carried out as soon as the leaves grow, during the period
before flowering, immediately after harvest. Autumn spend two
processing with an interval of two weeks. For treatments apply
preparations containing sulfur.

2. Gray mold

Disease развивается в условиях повышенной влажности и наносит
great damage to the whole crop. In short time on ripe berries
a gray patina forms, the fruit becomes soft. Spreads
disease spores of the fungus from a sick plant to healthy ones.

The fungus overwinters on the residues left in the soil. For
fight against gray mold it is necessary to carry out spring cleaning
landings. During the active growth of the bushes pruned all the old
leaves that serve as a source of infection. During education
berries need to mulch the soil around the bushes with straw or
sawdust to the fruit did not touch the ground. Early spring is necessary
carry out the treatment of planting bordeaux liquid, which is repeated
before flowering and after harvest.

3. Verticillary wilting

The causative agent of the fungus, which is in the soil and affects
aboveground part of the plant. Mature leaves of the plant turn brown, bush
may die. Most often the disease affects young plants.
first year of life. The spread of the disease is possible on infected
plots where potatoes were previously growing.

The first signs of the disease on strawberries can be seen at the end of May,
the disease develops until September. Causes
wilts can serve as excessive watering, soil moisture and watering
cold water. The development of the disease occurs at temperatures from 15
up to 25 degrees.

Избежать diseases можно, соблюдая севооборот культур.
It is strictly impossible to plant garden strawberries after potatoes,
tomatoes, cucumbers, pumpkins and zucchini. Good predecessors
strawberries will be: onion, garlic, marigold, calendula, green
culture.

Diseased plants need to be rooted out and burned, in the released
place to plant strawberries is not recommended.

Important! Experienced gardeners recommend
grow wild strawberries on high beds under
film.

4. Phytophtorosis on strawberries

Distinguishing late blight from gray rot is simple: it forms on a berry
brown stainless spot. With the development of the disease stain
increases and covers the entire surface of the fetus. All amazed
fruits become hard, then shrink. Leaf stalks
struck by their brown spots ringing them. Very often a disease
affects already formed berries, flower stalks dry out and fall.
The neglected form of the disease leads to the death of the roots.

Mushroom causing late blight persists in the soil for
eight years old. В качестве профилактики diseases не следует
plant strawberries in the garden where there was a flash
late blight.

5. Brown leaf spot

To identify plants that become ill with brown spot, you can
brown spots on the leaves that quickly merge into one
spot. The leaf rapidly turns yellow and dies before it is laid.
term.

Disease опасна своей скоростью развития. In the short term brown
spotting can cause irreparable damage, leaving the gardener without
harvest. With extensive infection, the plant loses up to 80% of the leaves, which
leads to malnutrition and photosynthesis.

For борьбы с болезнью применяют своевременные фосфорно-калийные
top dressing, fungicide treatments, eliminate soil moisture and
increase illumination.

Important! In the fight against brown spot well
proved spraying with potassium permanganate and iodine. On 10
liters of water take 5 grams of potassium permanganate, 2 tbsp. l soda, 40-50 drops
iodine and some laundry soap.

General recommendations

  • When planning planting strawberries, it is very important to consider what kind of culture
    was on the bed before.

  • The distance between the rows and bushes should be sufficient for
    good nutrition. Excessive thickening of landings provokes
    the occurrence of various diseases.

  • Очень важно организовать своевременный умеренный полив landings.
    In rainy summer, the amount of watering should be reduced. Dropping off
    strawberries in the arid region, it is worth reducing the distance between
    bushes, otherwise the plants will suffer from heat and lack
    moisture.

  • To prevent the spread of disease can be, removing
    affected berries from the site. After harvesting you need to hold
    cleaning of beds.

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