Cultivating lemons in open ground will
only in the southern regions. But lovers of indoor plants can
take up his cultivation at home. Do not expect that already in
next season you will taste juicy lemons – homemade fruit
The tree will begin at least 5 years from now.
But even without bright fruit on the branches, the plant is very beautiful and
It smells good, which is attractive to many flower growers.
cultivation.
Contents
Seeds or cuttings: which planting material to choose for
growing?
There are 2 methods of growing lemons at home –
from seed or stalk. Seed propagation will give
in the end, a more healthy powerful tree, but then, it will begin to bear fruit
only after 7-8 years. By purchasing plant seedlings, fruits on the branches
you will see after 3-5 years. Planting lemon seeds – more
common way. Fruit quality will depend on
heredity and conditions of detention.
Семена для посадки лимона — косточки фрукта.
So, for the seed material go to the nearest grocery
score. Choose a large yellow lemon. Damaged fruit
put aside – we need quality lemons. Houses
cut the fruit, reach 2-3 large bones – so you
be able to choose those seedlings that have got accustomed better. Since dry
seeds lose their germination, just taken for planting
from lemon bones.
We decided to grow a lemon from the stalk? Young
seedlings or buy on the market, or take from friends. Annuals
cuttings cut from a healthy fruit-bearing tree. �”Right”
seed has a minimum of 3 leaves with a total length of stem in
8-12 cm. Pay attention to sections – the bottom one is made under the first one.
kidney or right through it, and the top goes diagonally over the last
the kidney. Non-professionals in the field of floriculture will be difficult to choose
high-quality cutting – in appearance it seems normal, but on
practice will turn out that the plant is constantly sick.
Land preparation for lemon planting
Whatever way of growing lemon you choose, landing
производите в период с апреля по июнь — дома уже
heat, and the plant will be provided with optimal conditions for
growth.
Do not buy a big pot for your future “pet” – on
The first year will suit a small clay capacity up to 10 cm in diameter.
At the bottom of the pot must be a hole for withdrawal of excess
moisture.
Cover the bottom of the tank with expanded clay or small stones (1.5-2 cm)
for better drainage. Then fill the ground. For planting lemon
seeds fit the usual soil, which is sold in each
flower shop. There are soil mixes intended
especially for citrus – you can try this option.
Want to do everything yourself? Fertile land for growing
lemons can be obtained as follows – half of the sod land is mixed with
half humus.
for growing lemon from seed
But for rooting cuttings better to prepare the ground for others
in a way – a layer of moss (1 cm) is placed on the drainage layer, filled up
fertile land, and then 4-5 cm of sand. In such a nutrient mixture
young seedling immediately begins to receive necessary for growth
nutrients.
Planting lemon bones and cuttings
Once a place for growing lemon prepared, you can
start planting a plant.
Bone fruit fruit by 1-1.5 cm, sprinkle the hole with earth.
After planting, slightly moisten the soil and place the pot in a warm
a place. If it’s cold at home, be sure to close the pot on top.
film. An abundance of sunlight is not required for the emergence of shoots.
Spray the soil lightly every 3-4 days. The seeds should come up
30-40 days later After sprouts appear on the surface of the earth
film can be removed. Diving seedlings is not recommended. Evolving
they form a long tap root — it needs to be trimmed, not
while digging out the seedlings. To do this, arm yourself with a sharp knife,
enter it into the ground at a distance of 7-20 cm from a sprout under a small
angle to the soil surface. Cut the root in circular motions.
The operation can be repeated several times.
With rooting of a sapling in a permanent place, too
have to. Before planting, the cutting is recommended to dunk for 12 hours.
in a root-forming solution (for example, heteroauxin). Rooting
seedlings in a pot covered with a jar to create a greenhouse
effect. After planting a sprig spray with water. To rooting
the cutting takes 1-1.5 months. Plant throughout this period
need good lighting, regular hydration and warmth. Sign
�”Successful” rooting is education on the escape of new roots and
leaflets. Now you can move the plant in a bigger pot –
use the same mixture as the seed planting lemon.
Transplant carefully so as not to hurt the young ones.
roots.
rooting of lemon seedlings
Growing and caring for lemon
Lemon care is no more difficult than for others. homemade
plants. Follow the basic rules:
• Температурный режим. Optimal temperature
Lemon cultivation – 18-25 ˚C. Severe deviations in one or the other
сторону могут привести к опаданию leaflets. If summer is strong
hot, shade a little plant and spray it more often
water
• Освещение. Growing lemon tree loves
shine. He needs direct sunlight at least 2 hours a day. But
given that the plant does not tolerate the change of “habitat”, immediately
define him a permanent bright place – on the window facing the
south side. Too often, do not turn the pot to the light –
abrupt change of conditions will lead to the fall of the leaves. Can
rotate a lemon tree no more than 1 time in 10 days and no more
than 10 degrees
• Полив. Water the plant 2 times a week
boiled water at room temperature. Can использовать дождевую,
but it should not be cold. Do not forget several times a week
spray the tree with water to moisten the leaves and stem. Lemon
will not tolerate strong soil moisture. But если это все же
happened, the earth will have to be completely replaced.
• Пересадка. Replant lemon every year.
new pot larger size, otherwise developing root
the system will not have space in a small container. Replant lemon
carefully, transferring it from the “native” clod of earth. Accidentally damaging
roots, cover the plant for 2-3 weeks with polyethylene so that it does not
perished. And when the pot is already large enough (8-10 liters per
volume) transplantation can be replaced by topsoil renewal
(Twice a year).
• Подкормка. In the first months to feed
Lemon is not necessary. And then you can fertilize the plant
complex mineral fertilizers – no more than once a month. For
good growth lemon needs the following trace elements: iron, potassium,
phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur.
• Формирование кроны. To make the tree look like
beautiful and he formed lateral buds, it is necessary
form his crown. In the first year, the lemon will grow to about 30
see the second season the plant is shortened to 20 cm, pruning shears
the top of the shoot. Next year do the same, but
already with developed lateral branches. Branches of 1-3 orders of fruit
they won’t give – lemons will appear only on branches of a higher order.
Therefore, the best form of the crown will be low stock. Side shoots
prune so that fertile 4-5 branches form over time
order And then, to maintain the shape of the crown and not allow
strong foliage of the tree, do only pinching. Important
prevent formation of fat shoots in the lower part of the trunk –
they do not allow the plant to develop normally. They either cut or
turn into “ordinary” shoots, bowed to the ground.
During the flowering of the lemon to form the ovary,
transfer pollen from pestles to stamens (cotton can be used
wand). Remove too large flowers – these fruits do not give.
For every fruit that starts, there must be at least 10
полноценных leaflets. If there are too many ovaries, some will have to
to remove.
How to speed up fruiting lemons?
Lemonное дерево при соблюдении правил ухода отлично выглядит и
it smells good. But цветоводам этого бывает мало — как хочется
see bright fruit on the branches. For ускорения плодоношения
используются 2 методики — перетяжка и
budding.
Более простой технологией является перетяжка.
Do it on the side branches 1-2 orders of magnitude! At the same time one of
selected shoots are tugged with tin or ordinary
wire Haul off when the buds appear on the branches.
Do not overdo it – do not damage the bark, otherwise
the branch will completely wither.
Grafting (budding) of lemon in the care of a plant – a technique for
more experienced florist, because it will require certain skills.
This is the insertion of a peephole with a fruiting shoot into a T-shaped incision.
on the bark of the stock. Eyes are cut directly from the shield. Make a cut
two incisions – 1 cm above the peephole, 1.5 cm below the peephole. As
rootstock can be saplings 2-3 years. Budding do in
cloudy rainy day. The technology is as follows:
• Choose a budding site – on a twig 5-10 cm from
ground surface.
• Make a cut across (≈1 cm), then – along (≈2-3 cm).
• Carefully pry the bark with the knife and slightly push it apart.
• Quickly return the bark to the place, leaving a small
hole on top. This will need to insert the peephole.
• Cut the peephole, holding it by the leaf stalk, quickly insert
in the stock cut.
grafting lemon
Inoculation place, so that water does not flow, now “bandage”
PVC tape. After 2-3 weeks, the stalks began to turn yellow and fall off?
Vaccination went well! After about 30-40 days you need to cut off all
the top of the rootstock – at first 10 cm above the grafting (so that the peephole does not
shriveled), and then the rest of the branch above the peephole is cut.
At the same time removed and the bandage.
But if the petioles remained in place, while drying out, with
okulirovki something went wrong.
Fight against diseases and pests in the care of lemon
Lemon care includes not only watering and feeding but
and the fight against diseases and pests, because they can even overcome
home plant. This is especially true of trees grown from
cutting.
All the problems that a grower can face while growing
lemon, arise for one of 3 reasons – improper care, illness
and pests.
If you do not follow the important rules of caring for a lemon, its
fruiting can never wait. For example,
недостаточный полив ведет к усыханию деревца, а
переизбыток воды — к загниванию корней. Disadvantage
This or that microelement in the soil experienced grower will determine
right away:
• Iron deficiency – yellow blotches appear on the leaf,
then he dies off.
• Lack of phosphorus – the leaves become red, their tips
dry up.
• Lack of potassium – leaves wrinkle.
• Shortage of manganese and boron – ovaries fall off.
Only timely help will fix the situation.
подкормка лимона нужными микроэлементами.
Room lemon can infect different diseases – bacteria,
mycoplasmas, viruses, fungi. They are transmitted from other plants or
arise due to improper care. Denote the most
common diseases:
• Антракноз. Buds and leaves fall, shoots
die off. Lemon slices must be cut.
• Парша (бородавчатость). On the leaves appear
characteristic yellowish specks that gradually change into
pink-gray “warts”. Escape may end up dead. On the fruits
scab forms orange spots. Cut off the affected parts of the lemon and
throw it away. Spray the top of the tree with 1% solution
Bordeaux fluid.
• Гомоз. On shoots and lemon stem appear
red-brown spots. The bark gradually dies away, and from the cracks on it
dark orange gummy begins to ooze out
frozen in the air. The causes of homoze a lot –
excess nitrogen, lack of phosphorus, poor drainage, increased
air humidity. And to cure a lemon, you need to install
the cause that caused it. Cut out the lesions with a knife and
disinfect with 3% copper sulfate solution.
lemon homose
For лечения заболеваний постарайтесь не использовать химикатов.
Especially lemon does not like chlorine!
Dangerous pests on homemade lemons are rare. But если
�”Next door” to the tree there are several other types of indoor
plants, you need to be careful. Taking care of the lemon, take care
it from the following insects:
• Щитовка. Eat leaves, shoots.
The affected parts of the plant are dying. Having noticed the pests, remove them from
lemon (toothbrush, for example), wash the plant with a soapy
emulsion.
• Паутинный клещ. Larvae settle on the inside
side of the piece. A pest’s web can gradually wrap everything up.
plant, not letting it breathe. To get rid of the mite,
spray lemon with special solutions, for example, 0.15%
a solution of “Aktelika”.
• Мучнистый червец. Insect larvae
leave sticky secretions on lemon leaves. The fruits die off
foliage falls. If you notice a pest on the plant, immediately remove
it from the branches.
• Цитрусовая тля. Insects destroy the tops
young shoots. To prevent the spread of aphids, lemon
can be put next to geraniums.
mealybug
If you take timely measures to treat the lemon tree from
diseases and pests, it will stay green and pleasant
smelling all year round.